NUS_Physics Polydimethylsiloxane DOE Boron Metal AtomicSteps Polyvinylidene_fluoride YttriaStabilizedZirconia Scratch Film TyphimuriumBiofilm DomainSwitching Conduct Graphene Permalloy Temperature Corrosion 3-hexylthiophene lift_mode Conducting OpticalWaveguide CalciumHydroxide LifeScience temp PhthalocyaninePraseodymium fe_nd_b NUSNNI FM_KPFM chemical_compound Melt Molybdenum 2dMaterials MechanicalProperty Solution ElectrostaticForceMicroscopy