Bio OpticalWaveguide Anneal LifeScience I-VSpectroscopy Phase Zhi Current Potential SoftSample GlassTemperature AM_KPFM LiNbO3 Tungsten_disulfide Adhesion LithiumNiobate LateralForceMicroscopy IcelandSpar Plug 2d_materials GalliumPhosphide Magnetic Force Microscopy Temasek_Lab Chrome CVD PatternedSapphireSubstrat biocompatible Hydroxyapatite Solar H-BN Lattice contact IMT_Bucharest vertical_PFM Composition