cross section domain_switching Copolymer hydrocarbon Scratch Mapping MechanicalProperty Ram FuelCell aluminum_nitride Korea NtuEee semifluorinated_alkane OpticalElement TiO2 Sadowski Vacuum molecular_beam neodymium_magnets LiquidCrystal IVSpectroscopy Stiffness Temasek_Lab PolyStylene bias_mode Phenanthrene biocompatible Device electrospinning 2dMaterials AlkaneFilm AdhesionForce Photovoltaics Mechinical membrane